This is a good article that appeared in the Southern Medical Journal in 2002. Maladies in Musicians.
ABSTRACT: Certain medical ailments occur with increased frequency
among musicians and can affect musicians of all ages and ability. These
maladies range in severity from incidental, asymptomatic findings among
casual and occasional players to serious injuries that significantly
disable professional musicians from practicing or performing. The most
prevalent problems involve overuse of muscles resulting from repetitive
movements of playing, often in combination with prolonged weight bearing
in an awkward position. Other common problems include dermatologic
irritation, peripheral neuropathies, focal dystonias, and
otolaryngologic disorders. This review organizes the musical maladies
according to section of the orchestra with further subclassification by
pathologic process. By becoming familiar with the disorders associated
with specific instruments, physicians will be better able to make the
correct diagnosis in musicians with medical complaints.